Cultural Differences / Dos and Don'ts in Myanmar

To truly appreciate the cultural differences and social etiquette of Myanmar, it's essential to understand the core values that shape everyday interactions. As experts at Shanti Travel, we've guided travelers through Myanmar’s unique customs for years, ensuring immersive, respectful experiences that open the door to authentic encounters. If you're planning a trip, explore the diversity and richness of local traditions by booking your journey through our dedicated page about travel to Myanmar, where cultural sensitivity is at the heart of every adventure.

Courtesy & Politeness

In Myanmar, everyday encounters are marked by a gentle approach and heartfelt courtesy. The traditional greeting, known as mingalaba, involves placing your hands together in a prayer-like gesture at chest or face level with a slight bow—this gesture exudes respect and friendliness. While men sometimes shake hands with other men, this is not universal, and physical contact is generally minimal. Men should never attempt to shake hands with a Burmese woman or a monk.

A small gift is considered a thoughtful gesture of gratitude for a service rendered. When giving gifts, use both hands (or the right hand, which is seen as the clean hand in Burmese culture) for added respect. Particularly when interacting with monks or elders, offering with both hands is the norm.

If you wish to impress locals, learning a simple 'Thank you' in Burmese (Je zu tin ba deh) is always appreciated and opens up genuine smiles.

Tipping is becoming more common in tourist areas, though it is not widespread throughout the country. Should you wish to thank guides or drivers, a small envelope with a tip at the end of your trip is greatly appreciated.

Interacting with Monks and Gender Etiquette

Monks are deeply revered and strict protocols govern interactions:

Women must never touch a monk or hand items directly to them.
All gifts or offerings to monks should be presented with both hands, ideally placed for them to pick up instead of handed directly.
Men must also avoid direct physical contact and never attempt a handshake.

Gender dynamics extend to everyday life as well; direct touching between men and women, especially in public, is avoided. Always keep a respectful physical distance, particularly with elders and monks.

Take off your shoes before entering temples

The hierarchy of the body is crucial in Burmese traditions, with the feet viewed as the lowest and most impure. Always remove shoes and socks before entering temples, pagodas, monasteries, and even private homes. This act extends to some shops and offices in rural areas. Remember:

Never point your feet at people, Buddha images, pagodas, elders, or sacred objects.
Avoid placing feet on tables or cushions, and never use them to gesture.
Cleaning your feet in basins meant for the face or hands is taboo.
When visiting pagodas, walk clockwise and refrain from turning your back directly on Buddha images.

Public Displays of Affection

The Burmese cultural landscape is shaped by Buddhist modesty and a deep sense of propriety. Couples should avoid public displays of affection—hugging, kissing, or holding hands in public may make locals uncomfortable. Discretion in personal interactions is a sign of understanding and respect for Myanmar’s customs.

Dress Code

Dressing appropriately is a visible sign of respect and opens doors to warmer interactions. Both men and women should err on the side of modesty:

Shoulders and knees should be covered at all religious sites—and ideally elsewhere.
A Burmese longyi (traditional wraparound skirt) is widely worn and appreciated if adopted by foreigners.
Avoid see-through or tight-fitting clothing, short skirts, shorts, or strapless tops.
Always ensure your clothing is clean and presentable—sloppiness is considered disrespectful in both social and religious contexts.

Burmese people hold personal space in high regard—touch is typically reserved for close family. Never touch anyone’s head (considered the most sacred part of the body), including children.

Avoid public arguments and speaking loudly; saving face is vital in Burmese society, and embarrassing someone often causes deep discomfort. Pointing at people or objects with your feet or chin is impolite; use your right hand (not your left or any body part) to indicate things or pass objects.

Table Manners

Mealtimes are occasions for sharing and respect:

Wait for the eldest or most senior present to start before you begin eating.
Eating is commonly done with the right hand; the left is traditionally reserved for unclean tasks.
Loud or messy eating is frowned upon, and it's best to keep conversation light and pleasant at the table.
Always accept food and drink with the right hand or both hands, never the left alone.

By following these cultural norms, our travelers consistently experience a deeper connection with local people, opening doors to warm hospitality and unforgettable insights. At Shanti Travel, our guidance is rooted in two decades of travel expertise in Myanmar—preparing you for a journey that is as enriching as it is respectful.