30 December 2014
On a World Heritage Trail: the 5 best places to visit …
Discover the treasures of Sri Lanka by following in the footsteps of its exceptional UNESCO World Heritage Sites. From ancient fortresses to vibrant cultural cities, each place promises travel experiences rich in history and authenticity.
The unmissable World Heritage Sites of Sri Lanka
Planning a trip to Sri Lanka is an invitation to travel through time, surrounded by nature and culture. The island nation boasts 8 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, testament to the country’s unmatched richness. Let’s focus on 5 emblematic places not to miss during your journey.
Lion’s Rock in Sigiriya
The Ancient City of Sigiriya, or Lion’s Rock, stands as a monumental granite column rising over 180 metres. Its summit hosts the remains of King Kashyapa’s 5th-century palace, with a dramatic entrance carved like a lion’s mouth. Visitors are rewarded by fresco-adorned galleries, a legendary Mirror Wall with ancient inscriptions, and beautiful moated gardens at the base. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Sigiriya is sometimes called the 8th wonder of the world—delve deeper with our article here: touted by travellers as the 8th wonder of the world.
Travel tip: Climb Lion’s Rock in the early morning or late afternoon for cooler temperatures and optimal views. The ascent is steep but well worth the effort!
Temple of the Tooth in Kandy
Kandy, a cultural jewel, is known for its harmonious blend of ancient Buddhist temples, museums, and colonial heritage. The Sacred Temple of the Tooth enshrines Buddha's revered tooth relic, attracting pilgrims year-round. Nestled beside scenic Lake Kandy and bordered by the lush Udawattakele Forest, the area offers peaceful escapes from city bustle. Not far away, adventurers can explore the Knuckles Mountain Range, renowned for hiking and landscapes reminiscent of a closed fist. Don’t miss the Embekke Devalaya for exquisite woodcarvings or the Peradeniya Botanical Gardens boasting over 4000 plant species.
Travel tip: The temple welcomes visitors most hours of the day, but evenings often feature cultural performances and illuminated processions for a memorable experience.
Dambulla Cave Temple Complex
The Dambulla Cave Temple Complex is the largest and best-preserved in Sri Lanka. Five ornately decorated caves house hundreds of Buddha statues and elaborate murals, tracing spiritual and cultural history back to the 1st century BC. The temple, set at the base of a 160-metre rock, rewards climbers with panoramic views and a rich immersion in Sinhalese art.
Travel tip: Combine your visit with Sigiriya, and wear suitable shoes for the ascent and exploration of the caves. Morning visits offer cooler weather and a tranquil atmosphere.
Polonnaruwa
The ruins of Polonnaruwa, a gem of medieval Sri Lanka, reveal the grandeur of the 11th-century capital under King Parakramabahu. Marvel at ancient palaces, monasteries and the Parakrama Samudra—an advanced irrigation reservoir that still stuns visitors. Noteworthy sites include the Gal Vihara rock shrine with immense Buddha statues, the Alahana Pirivena temple complex, and Lankathilake temple. The site's blend of archaeology and wildlife—such as the resident Toque macaques—makes it a favorite for explorers.
Travel tip: Rent a bicycle to easily explore the vast area or engage a local guide for deeper insights into Polonnaruwa’s fascinating past.
Galle Fort and Old City
Galle sits on Sri Lanka’s southwest tip, where colonial charm merges with South Asian vibrancy. The 16th-century Fort, built by the Portuguese and fortified by the Dutch, is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site bustling with multicultural life. Wander its narrow lanes to discover architectural marvels, lively markets, quaint cafes, and the National Maritime Museum. Nearby, the Ariapala Mask Museum offers insight into Sri Lanka’s unique history of masks and folklore.
Travel tip: The best way to experience Galle’s old town is on foot. Visit during the dry season for pleasant weather and allow time to enjoy the fort’s panoramic sea views.
Extend your Discovery beyond the Top 5
If you crave even more adventure, Sri Lanka's remaining World Heritage Sites—Anuradhapura, the Central Highlands, and Sinharaja Forest Reserve—await. Here, you can experience ancient Buddhist wonders or trek through rainforests teeming with endemic wildlife. Each site adds a distinctive chapter to your Sri Lankan journey.
Let yourself be inspired by the diversity of these historic sites and plan your itinerary with care for an unforgettable encounter with the essence of Sri Lanka.
